Learn how to read and use an Internal Meat and Cooking Thermometer.

Cooking thermometers accept the guesswork out of cooking, as they measure the internal temperatures of your cooked meat, poultry, seafood, baked goods, and/or casseroles, to assure that a prophylactic temperature has been reached, harmful leaner have been destroyed, and your nutrient is cooked perfectly. Always follow internal cooking temperatures to be safe!

What is the Perfect Cooking Temperature for
Beefiness – Pork – Poultry – Fish and Seafood – Broiled Appurtenances?

Great cooks utilise a cooking thermometer as their guide – Not a clock.

Internal Temperature Cooking ChartA cooking or meat thermometer should not be a erstwhile affair. A cooking thermometer tin exist used for all foods, not just meat. It measures the internal temperature of your cooked meat, poultry, seafood, breads, baked goods, and/or casseroles to assure that a safe temperature has been reached and that harmful bacteria (similar certain strains of Salmonella and E. Coli O 157:H7) has been destroyed. Foods are properly cooked only when they are heated at a high enough temperature to kill harmful leaner that crusade food-borne illness. Use it every fourth dimension you prepare foods like beef, pork, poultry, roasts, hams, casseroles, meat loaves, egg dishes, and fifty-fifty your baked appurtenances. If yous don't regularly utilise a thermometer, you should become into the habit of using i.

According to the U.S. Section of Agriculture, internal temperature is the merely style to estimate whether food is sufficiently cooked. USDA inquiry reveals that the "color test" can requite consumers misleading information about the safety of the foods they are preparing, since cooked colour varies considerably. For example, freezing and thawing may influence a meat's tendency to brownish prematurely.

Thermapen Internal Temperature Cooking Chart

This is the type of cooking and meat thermometer that I prefer and use in my cooking. I get many readers asking what cooking/meat thermometer that I prefer and use in my cooking and blistering. I, personally, use the Thermapen Thermometer shown in the photo on the correct. To acquire more about this excellent thermometer and to also purchase i (if you desire), just click on the underlined: Thermapen Thermometer.

Internal Temperature Chart:

The following Internal Temperature Cooking Charts are a work in progress. I have been researching and testing recipes for many years to come up with the perfect cooking and baking internal temperatures. Think – Great cooks use a cooking thermometer every bit their guide – not a clock. I welcome whatsoever assistance, suggestions, and advice that you could contribute on internal cooking temperatures. Delight east-post me (but click on the underlined): Linda Stradley. Thank y'all in advance for your help!

Beef, Veal, and Lamb Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

For roasts of lamb, beef, or veal: place the thermometer midway inside the roast away from bone.

Residual Heat or Comport-Over Cooking: Remember, the steak will keep to cook every bit it sets. The temperature volition rise 5 degrees F. to ten degrees F. internal temperature. So, pay attention to how long you permit the cooked meat sit earlier serving.

Carry-over cooking is caused by rest heat transferring from the hotter exterior of the meat to the libation center. Every bit a general rule, the larger and thicker the cutting of meat, and the college the cooking temperature, the more balance estrus will be in the meat, and the more the internal temperature will rise during resting due to acquit-over cooking. This means the meat must exist removed from the oestrus at an internal temperature lower than your desired final internal temperature, assuasive the balance heat to finish the cooking.

Roasts – Steaks – Chops

Degree of Doneness Internal Core Temperature Internal Description
Actress-rare or Blueish (bleu) 80 to 100 degrees F
26 to 38 degrees C
deep red colour and barely warm feels soft and squishy
Rare 120 to 125 degrees F
49 to 51 degrees C
center is bright reddish, pinkish toward the exterior portion, and warm throughout soft to touch
Medium Rare 130 to 135 degrees F
55 to 57 degrees C
center is very pink, slightly brown toward the exterior portion, and slightly hot yields just slightly to the touch, kickoff to firm up
Medium 140 to 145 degrees F
60 to 63 degrees C
middle is light pink, outer portion is brown, and hot throughout yields only slightly to the touch, outset to firm up
Medium Well 150 to 155 degrees F
65 to 69 degrees C
mostly grey-brown throughout with a hint of pink in the eye business firm to affect
Well Washed 160 degrees F and above
71 degrees C
steak is uniformly brown or grayness throughout house or hard to bear on

Brisket

165 to 175 degrees F
74 to 79 degrees C
If the meat pulls apart easily, the brisket is ready to serve.

Pot Roast

180 degrees F
82 degrees C
If the meat pulls apart easily, the pot roast is gear up to serve. Also called fork tender.

Ground Meat

Patties - Meatloaf - Meatballs
160 to 165 degrees F
71 to 74 degrees C
For hamburger patties, insert the digital food thermometer through the side of the patty, all the way to the middle .

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Poultry Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Identify the thermometer at the innermost portion of thigh and wing, and in the thickest part of the chest, checking the temperature at each of these locations.

Remember that the chicken volition continue to cook after information technology's removed from the rut and the internal temperature will rise about 5 to 10 degrees F. in the start few minutes it's off the heat.

Internal Core Temperature Internal Clarification
Whole Chicken or Duck 160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.
Insert it in the inner thigh area near the breast of the bird, but not touching the bone. Cook until juices run clear
Nighttime meat 160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.
Breast meat 160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.
Thighs, Wings, and Legs 160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.
Whole Turkey - Oven Roasted Turkey

Deep Fried or Cajun Fried Turkey

165 degrees F.
74 degrees C.

170 degrees F. (in the breast)

76 degrees C.
Juices run clear and leg moves easily.

Footing Poultry

(Chicken and Turkey)
160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.
For patties, insert the digital food thermometer through the side of the patty, all the style to the middle.
Turkey Stuffing
(cooked lonely or in turkey)
165 degrees F.
74 degrees C.
For the stuffing within of a turkey, duck, or chicken: identify the thermometer to the center of the stuffing.

Pork Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Place the thermometer midway inside the roast abroad from bone. Call back that the pork will continue to melt after it's removed from the heat and the internal temperature will ascension about 5 to 10 degrees F. in the first few minutes it'south off the oestrus.

Roasts – Steaks – Chops

Internal Cadre Temperature Internal Clarification
Medium 140 to 145 degrees F.
60 to 63 degrees C.
stake pink center
Well Washed 160 degrees F. and above steak is uniformly brown throughout

Pork ribs

Pork shoulders

Brisket

180 to 200 degrees F.
82 to 93 degrees C.

195 to 200 degrees F.

ninety to 93 degrees C.

195 to 200 degrees F.

90 to 93 degrees C.
Stake white to tan. Cooked medium to well done

Sausage

Raw Sausage 160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
no longer pink
Sausage (pre-cooked) 140 degrees F.
threescore degrees C.

Ham

Raw Ham 160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
Pre-cooked Ham 140 degrees F.
60 degrees C.

Fish and Seafood Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Internal Core Temperature Internal Clarification

Fish

Whole - Steaks - Fillets
Fish is slightly translucent and flakes easily,
Salmon 130 to 135 degrees F.
54 to 57 degrees C.
Salmon has almost do collagen. This means it volition starting time to lose wet more than quickly than beefiness.
Halibut -Cod- Cerise Snapper- Ocean Bass-Tilapia 130 to 135 degrees F.
54 to 57 degrees C.
Trout 135 to 140 degrees F.
57 to 60 degrees C.
Tuna - Swordfish - Marlin 125 degrees F.
51 degrees C.
Cook Tuna until medium-rare (do not overcook or the meat will get dry and lose its flavour)
Ahi Tuna (Sashimi grade) 115 to 120 degrees F.
46 to 49 degrees C.
Ahi Tuna is about often served rare or seared rare. This is considering the longer you cook it, the more flavor and moisture it loses. Sashimi grade tuna has been flash frozen to impale any parasites.
Shrimp 120 degrees F.
49 degrees C.
Melt until medium-rare and the shrimp just start to turn pink (do not overcook or the shrimp will become dry and lose its flavour).
Medium-size, boiling iii to 4 minutes
Big-size, boiling five to 7 minutes
Colossal-size, boiling 7 to 8 minutes
Lobster 145 degrees F.
62 degrees C.
Identify thermometer in the tail to cheque the internal temperature. Lobster requires a high temperature than other fish since its musculus fibers are longer and require more heat to compress.
Boiled or Steamed, whole Lobster 145 degrees F.
62 degrees C.
Grilled Lobster 145 degrees F.
62 degrees C.
Baked, Grilled or Broiled Lobster Tail - each 140 degrees F.
60 degrees C.
Beat cut - piggyback lobster tail (lobster meat is exposed).
Scallops 120 degrees F.
49 degrees C.
Sear, bake, or broil each side for approximately 4 minutes or until an instant-read cooking or meat thermometerinserted into their centers attain 115 degrees F. Remove from estrus. The carryover cooking will add another 10 to 15 degrees, for an ideal final temperature of 125 to 130 degrees F. They should too have lost their translucence and turn opaque.
Clams - Mussels - Oysters Melt clams, mussels, and oysters until their shells merely open. Throw away the ones that do not open.
Crab Cakes 150 to 155 degrees F.
65 to 68 degrees C.

Baked Goods Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Internal Cadre Temperature Internal Description

Breads

Insert the thermometer from the side of the bread. If the staff of life is in a loaf pan, insert it just above the edge of the pan directing information technology at a downward angle.
Quick Breads (Breads, Muffins and Cornbread) 200 degrees F.
93 degrees C.
Yeast Breads 200 to 210 degrees F.
93 to 99 degrees C.
Soft Breads/Dinner Rolls 180 to 190 degrees F.
82 to 88 degrees C.
Scones 200 degrees F.
93 degrees C.
Sourdough BreadsSourdough Breads 200 to 210 degrees F.
93 to 99 degrees C.
Cinnamon Rolls 190 to 200 degrees F.
87 to 93 degrees C.
Water temperature to add yeast 105 to 115 degrees F.
41 to 46 degrees C.

Cakes - Cupcakes

205 to 209 degrees F.
93 to 98 degrees C.
Insert thermometer in the center of the block.
Carrot Cake 205 to 209 degrees F.
93 to 98 degrees C.
Remember: The cooking process continues even later you remove the cake out of the oven. Every bit the block cools, the residual heat on the surface slowly penetrates to the eye.
Clafouti (with fruit) 160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
Devil'due south Food Cake - Red Velvet Cake 205 degrees F.
93 degrees C.
Molton Chocolate Cakes 160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
Pound Block 210 to 212 degrees F.
99 to 100 degrees C.
Tres Leches Cake, Iii-Milk Cake 200 degrees F.
93 degrees C.
Upside-Down Cakes 190 to 200 degrees F
88 to 93 degrees C.
Cheesecake When the internal temperature of a cheesecake rises across 160 degrees F. (71 degrees C.) while baking, it will always crack. To foreclose this from happening, Take it out of the oven when the cheesecake reaches 150 degrees F. (65 degrees C.) at the eye to avert over baking.

Pies

Insert thermometer a couple inches in from the edge of the pie.
Chocolate Cream Pie 165 degrees F.
74 degrees C.
Custard Pie - Cream Pies 170 to 175 degrees F.
76 to 79 degrees C.
Broil until the custard has set around edges but jiggles slightly in the center when tapped on the side with a wooden spoon.
Fruit Pies (Blueberry, Blackberry, etc.) 175 degrees F.
79 degrees C.
Fruit pies should be juicy and bubbles all over, especially in its centre. The pie needs to bubble if information technology contains a starch thickener, otherwise the starch is not going to thicken.
Pecan Pie 200 degrees F.
93 degrees C.
Pumpkin Pie 175 degrees F.
79 degrees C.
Sweetness Potato Pie 175 degrees F.
79 degrees C.
Meringue Pies 160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.

Puddings and Custards:

Insert thermometer in the centers. Begin checking temperature about five minutes before recommended fourth dimension.
Bread Pudding 160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
Creme Brulee 170 to 175 degrees F.
76 to 79 degrees C.
Baked Custard (Old Fashion)
160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
Flan 170 to 175 degrees F.
76 to 79 degrees C.

Candy or Sugar Syrup Temperature
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

When using a temperatures specified below are for sea level. At higher altitudes, subtract one° F from every listed temperature for each 500 feet above sea level.

Internal Cadre Temperature Description:
Thread Stage 230 to 235 degrees F.
110 to 112 degrees C.

Syrup and Binding agent for fruit pastes:

A spoonful of sugar drizzled over a plate forms a fine, sparse thread. This stage makes a syrup, not a candy.
Soft-brawl Stage 235 to 240 degrees F.
112 to 116 degrees C.

Fudge, Fondant, Creams, Penuche, Maple, etc:

When a pocket-size amount of sugar syrup is dropped into very cold h2o, it forms a ball that does non hold its shape when pressed with your fingers.
Firm-ball Phase 244 to 248 degrees F.
118 to 120 degrees C.

Caramels and Divinity:

When a small amount of saccharide syrup is dropped into very cold water, information technology forms a ball that holds its shape, but information technology nonetheless sticky, when pressed with your fingers.
Difficult-ball Stage 250 to 266 degrees F.
121 to 130 degrees C.

Taffy and Marshmallows

When a small amount of sugar syrup is dropped into very cold h2o, information technology forms a ball that holds its shape merely is pliable.
Soft-scissure Stage 270 to 290 degrees F.
132 to 143 degrees C.

Butterscotch and Toffee:

When a small corporeality of sugar syrup is dropped into very cold water, information technology scan exist stretched between your fingers and separates into hard but non brittle threads.
Hard-crack Phase 300 to 310 degrees F.
149 to 154 degrees C.

Brittles and Lollipops:

When a small amount of sugar syrup is dropped into very cold water, it will solidify but volition separates into difficult brittle threads.
Lite Caramel Phase 320 to 335 degrees F.
160 to 170 degrees C.

Glazes, blanket agent

Poured onto a white plate the syrup will be honey-gilded in color.
Night Caramel Stage Up to 350 degrees F.
177 degrees C. Lookout man carefully as any temperature above 350 degrees F. begins to burn the sugar and it will develop a bitter, burnt taste.

Glazes, coating agent

Poured onto a white plate the syrup will be deep cherry-red bister in colour

Vegetables Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Internal Cadre Temperature Description

Baked Spud


210 to 212 degrees F.
98 to 100 degrees C.
Potatoes are done if tender when pierced with a fork and the internal temperature reached.
Boiled Whole Tater 200 degrees F.
93 degrees C.

Water Temperature Nautical chart (at bounding main level):
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Bank check out my articles on How To Boil Water – Boiling Points of Water and Poaching vs. Simmering vs. Boiling.

Internal Core Temperature Description:
Tepid H2o 85 to 105 degrees F.
29 to 40 degrees C.
Water is comparable to the temperature of the homo body.
Warm H2o 115 to 120 degrees F.
46 to 48 degrees C.
H2o is touchable but non hot.
Hot Water 130 to 135 degrees F.
54 to 57 degrees C.
Water too hot too touch on.
Poach 160 to 180 degrees F.
71 to 82 degrees C.
Poaching is "to cook an item by submerging it in a liquid that is just barely simmering." Poaching is not a rolling eddy. Poaching, compared to boiling, is a much gentler technique.
Simmer 185 to 200 degrees F.
85 to 93 degrees C.
A simmer is sometimes called a "gentle boil." Small bubbles periodically rise to the surface – the gentler and slower the bubbling, the lower the temperature.
Depression Simmer 180 degrees F.
82 degrees C.
Wearisome Eddy 205 degrees F.
96 degrees C.
There is more move and noticeably larger bubbles than simmering.
Rolling Eddy 212 degrees F.
100 degrees C.
The water is rolling, bubbling, and steaming.
High Altitude: Each 500 foot increase in altitude will cause a drop of approximately 1 (one) degree in the boiling point.

Misc.Internal Temperature Chart:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Cooking Temperatures

Internal Core Temperature Description
Casseroles and Leftovers
165 to 175 degrees F.
74 to 79 degrees C.
Insert thermometer in the eye.

Some times the 165 degrees F. temperature merely warms the goulash, and may not be non enough for you lot. Then continue until 175 degrees F. is reached.

Sauces using eggs:

Hollandaise Sauce

160 degrees F.

150 degrees F.

Every bit raw eggs carries a risk of salmonella infection. Oestrus the sauce to 160 degrees F. on your digital thermometer to kill bacteria.
Egg Dishes

Sauces using eggs:

160 degrees F.
71 degrees C.
When eggs are part of the recipe it is necessary that the internal temperature of the baking item achieve at to the lowest degree 160 degrees F. (71 degrees C.) in club to impale whatever dangerous bacteria.
Egg Nog and Water ice Cream Custard
160 to 165 degrees F.
71 to 74 degrees C.